Circumcision Techniques in Milan
A Comparative Study

by Leonid Shpaner, M.S. and Giuseppe Saitta, M.D.

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Background

Circumcision is a common surgical procedure with cultural, religious, and medical implications. Recently, laser circumcision has been introduced as a modern alternative to traditional methods, promising less pain and faster recovery. Our study provides an evidence-based comparison of these techniques in the context of Milan's diverse patient population.

Purpose

The goal of this EDA is to systematically explore our circumcision data and surface the key patterns, relationships, and outliers that will drive our modeling and decision-making. Specifically, we aim to:

Characterize our population by age group, BMI, cultural or geographic background, and comorbidity profiles.
Compare procedural metrics (e.g. pre- and intraoperative MAP, heart rate, surgical time) across different surgical techniques.

Data Size and Scope

194 patients | 25 original columns

1. Age_years	14. Intraop_Mean_Pulse_Ox_Percent
2. BMI	15. Surgical_Time_min
3. Geographical_Origin	16. Functional_Outcomes_Pain
4. Cultural_Religious_Affiliation	17. Functional_Outcomes_Bleeding
5. Comorbidities	18. Functional_Outcomes_Edema
6. Preop_drugs_antibiotic	19. Functional_Outcomes_Infection
7. Preop_Heart_Rate_bpm	20. Functional_Outcomes_Fast_Recovery
8. Preop_Pulse_Ox_Percent	21. Functional_Outcomes_Cosmetic_Satisfaction
9. Surgical_Technique	22. Cost_of_Procedure_euros
10. Anesthesia_Type	23. Cost_Type
11. Intraoperative_drugs	24. MAP_Preop
12. Intraoperative_Blood_Loss_ml	25. MAP_Intraop
13. Intraop_Mean_Heart_Rate_bpm